ETERNAL (English Teaching Journal)
type: channel
description: ETERNAL (English Teaching Journal) Journal title ETERNAL: English Teaching Journal Initials ETERNAL Abbreviation ETERNAL Frequency 2 issues per year (February & August) DOI Prefix 10.26877 by ISSN 2614-1639 (online) Editor-in-chief Th. Cicik Sophia Budiman, S.S., M.Pd. Publisher UPGRIS Press Citation Sinta | Google Scholar | Garuda | Dimensions ETERNAL (English Teaching Journal) has been accredited as a scientific journal by the Ministry of Research and Technology/National Research and Innovation Agency of Republic Indonesia (Sinta 5): 200/M/KPT/2020 PERIOD: 2018-2022. ETERNAL (English Teaching Journal) is published twice a year in the month of February and August ISSN 2086-5473 (Print) and ISSN 2614-1639(Online). It presents articles on English language teaching and learnings, literature and research. The contents include analysis studies, application of theories, research reports, material developments and reviews.
publisher: Prodi Pendidikan Bahasa Inggris, FPBS, Universitas PGRI Semarang
language: en
publication name: ETERNAL (English Teaching Journal)
issn: 2086-5473
items: Implementation of Deep Learning Approach on Learning English at SMP Islam Tathmainul Quluub
items: Evaluating the TSENCYDENT Routine: A Comprehensive Analysis of Students’ Perceptions on Learning Environment, Speaking Fluency, and Confidence in an Indonesian EFL Context
items: Assessing Speaking Skills in English Matriculation Classes: Challenges and Strategies
items: Figurative Language in Selected Song Lyrics of NIKI’s Nicole Album
items: Improving Applied Business Administration Students’ Reading Comprehension and Vocabulary Acquisition by Using Quizlet
items: Digital Storytelling with Scratch as a Pedagogical Tool to Enhance Reading Comprehension
items: Analysis of Peer Feedback Effects on Students’ Achievement in Writing Fantasy Stories
items: EFL Teacher’s Perspectives on Integrating AI into Reading Comprehension Teaching in Papua
items: Linguistic Grooming in Higher Education: A Forensic Discourse Analysis of Power, Manipulation, and Symbolic Control in Academic Relations
items: Pre-Service EFL Teachers’ Perceptions of Formative Assessment Literacy in Indonesian
items: Enhancing Speaking Skills through Digital Storytelling: A case study
items: ­­Bridging Languages: How EMI Teachers Use Language-related Teaching Strategies in their Classrooms
items: Undergraduate Students’ English Self-Efficacy and Technology-Assisted Self-Regulated Learning
items: Bridging the Gap: Pre-Service Teachers’ Realities of Technology Integration in the Digital Classroom
items: Reading Comprehension through Multimodal Literacy Approach for English Education
items: Deep Learning-based Interactive E-module to Enhance English Learning Motivation in Elementary School
items: EFL Students’ Perception towards the Use of Debate Video Session for Vocabulary Acquisition and Retention
items: Figurative Languages Found in Paint My Love Greatest Hits Lyrics
items: The Effect Of Using Question-Answer Relationship (QAR) On Students’ Reading Comprehension Abilities In Procedure Text
items: Beyond the ‘Uh-Oh’ Moment: Refusal Strategies in a Young EFL Learner’s Extensive Reading Responses
items: Exploring Body Positivity Through Instagram Discourse: A Critical Discourse Analysis of Clara Dao and Her Audience
items: Rhetorical Moves of Research Article Abstracts in Linguistics and Language Education with Different Quartile Level
items: Inclusion and Exclusion of Social Actors in Judi Online ‘Online Gambling’ News:A Corpus-Assisted Critical Discourse Analysis Approach on Kompas.com
items: The Integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) In English Language Teaching Practices: A Meta-Synthesis Study
items: Unveiling Halliday’s Textual Metafunction in Indonesian and Samoan EFL Textbooks for Year 10
items: Principles of Developing “V-I-S-U-A-L-S” Media in Teaching English to Young Learners at SD GMIT Oepura
items: Exploring EFL Teachers’ Knowledge on the Utilization of Platform Merdeka Mengajar (PMM): Challenges, Possibilities and Practices
items: Beyond the Score: A Personal Journey of Language Learning and Identity in IELTS Preparation
items: Exploring the Use of Google Docs for Collaborative Narrative Writing: A Sequential Exploratory Study in EFL Classroom
items: Exploring Paz Marquez-Benitez’ Dead Stars: A Linguistic Journey Through Transitivity Analysis

Implementation of Deep Learning Approach on Learning English at SMP Islam Tathmainul Quluub
type: item
description: This study analyzes the use of deep learning approaches in English teaching at SMP Islam Tathmainul Quluub, Sindang, Indramayu, focusing on meaningful, mindful, and joyful learning. Using a qualitative case study method, the research includes participatory observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation analysis. The findings indicate that educators successfully apply three main aspects of deep learning while adapting to the local context. Meaningful learning is achieved by connecting lessons to local issues, mindful learning through planned metacognitive strategies, and joyful learning by incorporating local cultures. Teachers face challenges with digital infrastructure when implementing hybrid learning models, and focus on strengthening their skills through ongoing professional development. Positive impacts include improved critical thinking, character development, social skills aligned with the '6C' concept, and increased student motivation. This application model demonstrates how schools in coastal areas can transform learning by integrating cognitive, social-emotional, and cultural elements.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Deep Learning
  topic: keywords
subject: Approach
  topic: keywords
subject: English Learning
  topic: keywords
creator: Hidayat
creator: Supriyani
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 ETERNAL (English Teaching Journal)
date: 2026-02-11
publication date: 2026-02-11
starting page: 107
ending page: 117
doi: 10.26877/eternal.v7i1.3412

Evaluating the TSENCYDENT Routine: A Comprehensive Analysis of Students’ Perceptions on Learning Environment, Speaking Fluency, and Confidence in an Indonesian EFL Context
type: item
description: Speaking anxiety and limited feedback opportunities in large classes pose significant challenges to developing English speaking fluency in Indonesian high school contexts. This study evaluates students’ perceptions of the Tsencydent routine, a brief, structured warm-up activity designed to address these issues. Employing a convergent mixed-methods design, data were collected via questionnaires and open-ended responses from 20 students at a Muhammadiyah senior high school in Padang Panjang and analyzed using descriptive statistics and thematic analysis. Findings indicate that students generally perceived the routine as useful in fostering a low-pressure learning environment, which appeared to reduce anxiety and increase comfort compared to formal speaking assessments. Commonly reported benefits included perceived growth in vocabulary, improved speaking fluency, and greater self-confidence, often attributed to immediate and constructive teacher feedback. Most students recommended the routine’s continued use. Based on these findings, the study proposes that the Tsencydent routine may serve as a practical pedagogical approach that combines affective support with scaffolded language practice, presenting a possible framework for EFL classrooms facing similar constraints.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: EFL in Indonesia
  topic: keywords
subject: low-pressure learning environment
  topic: keywords
subject: speaking anxiety
  topic: keywords
subject: students’ perceptions
  topic: keywords
subject: Tsencydent routine
  topic: keywords
creator: Beniario
creator: Erlinda Syam
creator: Rini Hendrita
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 ETERNAL (English Teaching Journal)
date: 2026-02-11
publication date: 2026-02-11
starting page: 60
ending page: 71
doi: 10.26877/eternal.v7i1.3327

Assessing Speaking Skills in English Matriculation Classes: Challenges and Strategies
type: item
description: This research revealed two main issues regarding speaking assessment, that is students’ low speaking confidence and low vocabulary mastery. These two issues hampered students in delivering their ideas fluently and do not speak well in the speaking assessment. To solve the problems, the researcher employed some strategies. This study aimed at describing the problems of the learners and the approaches used by the teacher in carrying out speaking tests in a matriculation class of MAN 1 Blitar. Qualitative descriptive approach with 34 students as subject, the data was collected by conducting class observation, conducting interview with English teacher and some students, and analysing students’ speaking performance tasks. The result showed that some students were reluctant to speak because of fear of making mistakes, lack of self-confidence, and lack of vocabulary. The teacher used three strategies which are providing vocabulary support, conducting group discussion, and providing formative feedback to help students in doing speaking assessments. The result showed that some students were reluctant to speak because of fear of making mistakes, lack of self-confidence, and lack of vocabulary. The teacher used three strategies which are providing vocabulary support, conducting group discussion, and providing formative feedback to help students in doing speaking assessments. This research reveals the students’ problems in speaking assessment and the teacher’s strategy in conducting speaking assessments in matriculation class. The teacher’s scaffolding strategy helps students in delivering ideas fluently and speaking well. The result demonstrates the importance of considering both effective and linguistic factors in conducting speaking assessment. The result might be used as the reference for English teacher to conduct better speaking assessment.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: speaking assessment
  topic: keywords
subject: matriculation class
  topic: keywords
subject: students' confidence
  topic: keywords
subject: bilingual education
  topic: keywords
subject: teacher strategies
  topic: keywords
creator: Nurma Atalsa Sofyansah
creator: Siti Mafulah
creator: Agus Sholeh
creator: Maria Cholifah
creator: Siti Mutmainnah
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 ETERNAL (English Teaching Journal)
date: 2026-02-11
publication date: 2026-02-11
starting page: 95
ending page: 106
doi: 10.26877/eternal.v7i1.3294

Figurative Language in Selected Song Lyrics of NIKI’s Nicole Album
type: item
description: Despite the extensive studies on figurative language in song lyrics, limited research has specifically explored emotional functions of figurative language in contemporary pop albums by Asian artists, particularly in NIKI’s Nicole album. This study aims to examine figurative language used in the lyrics of a few of NIKI’s songs from the Nicole album. This study employed a descriptive qualitative method focusing on documents through content analysis. The primary data of this study were a few chosen tracks from NIKI's Nicole album with an emphasis on the lyrics of the songs investigated. To examine the data, the songs were listened to several times, and the lyrics were carefully read to comprehend meanings of the metaphorical language. The data were gathered based on the categories of metaphorical language and categorized for further examination. Findings revealed that eight songs used 75 different types of figurative language which included metaphor as the most frequently used type. The five varieties of figurative language included personification, simile, hyperbole, irony, and metaphor. The use of figurative language created intense emotional expressions which included regret and despair and melancholy. The study demonstrates that song lyrics achieve their highest poetic and beautiful and emotional effects through the use of figurative language which also helps to express the song's main message.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Figurative language
  topic: keywords
subject: Song Lyrics
  topic: keywords
subject: NIKI’s Nicole Album
  topic: keywords
creator: Tusino
creator: Puspa Dewi
creator: Sri Maryani
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 ETERNAL (English Teaching Journal)
date: 2026-02-11
publication date: 2026-02-11
starting page: 50
ending page: 59
doi: 10.26877/eternal.v7i1.3118

Improving Applied Business Administration Students’ Reading Comprehension and Vocabulary Acquisition by Using Quizlet
type: item
description: This study investigates the integration of Quizlet as a digital tool to enhance English reading comprehension and vocabulary acquisition among second-semester Applied Business Administration students at Politeknik Negeri Ambon. The study addresses the urgent need to support ESP students who often struggle with discipline-specific reading due to limited academic vocabulary and low engagement, particularly in vocational higher education contexts. Using a mixed-methods design, data were collected from 45 students through pre-tests and post-tests, classroom observations, reflective journals, interviews, and Quizlet usage logs. Over eight instructional sessions, students engaged with Business Administration reading texts supported by Quizlet activities, including flashcards, games, and cumulative quizzes. Quantitative data were analyzed using paired-samples t-tests and effect size calculations to examine learning gains, while qualitative data were analyzed thematically to explore patterns of engagement and learner perceptions. The findings revealed significant improvements in vocabulary retention (+22.5) and reading comprehension (+23.2), with strong effect sizes. Weekly accuracy rates increased from 61% to 86%, and student engagement rose markedly, with active participation improving from 55% to 91%. Reflective data indicated a positive shift in students’ attitudes toward reading, from perceiving it as monotonous to viewing it as useful and engaging. These results highlight the pedagogical significance of integrating Quizlet as a supportive tool for fostering vocabulary development, reading comprehension, and learner engagement in ESP instruction.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Gamified Learning
  topic: keywords
subject: Learner Engagement
  topic: keywords
subject: Quizlet
  topic: keywords
subject: Reading Comprehension
  topic: keywords
subject: Vocabulary Acquisition
  topic: keywords
creator: Hindri Febri Ana Sari
creator: Arthur Reinaldo Tanihatu
creator: Hedyan Putra
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 ETERNAL (English Teaching Journal)
date: 2026-02-11
publication date: 2026-02-11
starting page: 131
ending page: 145
doi: 10.26877/eternal.v7i1.2993

Digital Storytelling with Scratch as a Pedagogical Tool to Enhance Reading Comprehension
type: item
description: Reading comprehension is a foundational skill underpinning students’ success in language learning, critical thinking, and academic achievement. However, many EFL learners experience difficulties engaging with extended and complex texts when reading instruction lacks creative and multimodal elements. This classroom-based study explores undergraduate English Literature students’ perceptions of using Scratch-based digital storytelling in a reading course at the English Literature Department of the Faculty of Law and Language, Universitas STIKUBANK. Grounded in constructivist learning and multimodal literacy theories, the study examines how the integration of technology, creativity, and narrative production is perceived to support students’ engagement with literary texts. Thirty-five students participated in a six-week digital storytelling project in which they digitally retold literary stories using Scratch. Data were collected through a validated 10-item questionnaire (Cronbach’s α = .94) and open-ended student reflections. The findings indicate that students perceived Scratch as an engaging platform that supported their understanding of story structure, character motivation, and thematic meaning. Students also reported increased collaboration, confidence, and enjoyment during reading activities. While the findings are perception-based, the study suggests that Scratch-based digital storytelling holds pedagogical potential for supporting students’ engagement with literary texts, interpretive processes, and digital literacy in EFL literature classrooms, thereby contributing to Sustainable Development Goal 4 (Quality Education).
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: digital storytelling
  topic: keywords
subject: reading comprehension
  topic: keywords
subject: Scratch
  topic: keywords
subject: multimodal literacy
  topic: keywords
subject: EFL
  topic: keywords
subject: SDG
  topic: keywords
creator: Agnes Widyaningrum
creator: Yulistiyanti
creator: Teguh Kasprabowo
creator: Katharina Rustipa
creator: Endang Yuliani Rahayu
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 ETERNAL (English Teaching Journal)
date: 2026-02-11
publication date: 2026-02-11
starting page: 118
ending page: 130
doi: 10.26877/eternal.v7i1.2968

Analysis of Peer Feedback Effects on Students’ Achievement in Writing Fantasy Stories
type: item
description: This study aims to examine the effectiveness of peer feedback in improving Grade 11 students’ achievement in writing fantasy stories.. The research used purposive sampling with 36 participants. Employing a mixed-methods approach, the study combines quantitative analysis of pre-test and post-test writing scores with qualitative insights from questionnaires and interviews to examine both the measurable impact and students’ perceptions of peer feedback in writing fantasy stories. Quantitative results revealed a statistically significant improvement in students’ writing performance, with the mean score increasing from M = 87.86 (SD = 2.58) on the pre-test to M = 92.56 (SD = 2.27) on the post-test, representing an approximate 14,67% gain (p < .01). Qualitative findings reveal that students perceive peer feedback as beneficial for enhancing creativity, structure, and idea development in their fantasy stories, as well as for fostering critical thinking and collaboration. The findings suggest that integrating peer feedback into writing instruction can enhance both students’ linguistic skills and creative engagement.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: peer feedback
  topic: keywords
subject: student achievement
  topic: keywords
subject: writing fantasy story
  topic: keywords
subject: collaborative learning
  topic: keywords
creator: Eka Noftriana Ciptaningdiah
creator: Siti Aisyah
creator: Kani Sulam Taufik
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 ETERNAL (English Teaching Journal)
date: 2026-02-11
publication date: 2026-02-11
starting page: 146
ending page: 160
doi: 10.26877/eternal.v7i1.2936

EFL Teacher’s Perspectives on Integrating AI into Reading Comprehension Teaching in Papua
type: item
description: This study explores EFL teachers’ perspectives on integrating Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies into reading comprehension instruction in Papua, Indonesia. This study employed a quantitative descriptive survey, conducted with 17 teachers from elementary, junior high, and senior high schools. Data were collected through an online questionnaire and analyzed using descriptive statistics. Findings showed that teachers were generally familiar with AI and express confidence in its use, particularly with widely accessible tools such as ChatGPT and Grammarly. Teachers viewed AI as beneficial for enhancing comprehension and providing personalized support, yet remained cautious about its potential to motivate students. Challenges on AI usage included lack of training, limited infrastructure, and ethical concerns such as plagiarism and student over-reliance. Teachers emphasized the importance of having access to AI-based tools, opportunities for peer collaboration, and focused professional development in order to overcome these challenges. The study indicates that although integrating AI has the potential to enhance reading comprehension, adoption of this technology is still at a transitional stage. Clear ethical standards, fair resource distribution, and teacher-centered training will all be necessary for successful implementation.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Artificial Intelligence (AI)
  topic: keywords
subject: reading comprehension
  topic: keywords
subject: EFL teacher perspectives
  topic: keywords
subject: Papua
  topic: keywords
creator: Heni Purwati
creator: Rahmawansyah Rahmawansyah
creator: Anggit Prasetio Nugroho
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 ETERNAL (English Teaching Journal)
date: 2026-02-11
publication date: 2026-02-11
starting page: 72
ending page: 83
doi: 10.26877/eternal.v7i1.2917

Linguistic Grooming in Higher Education: A Forensic Discourse Analysis of Power, Manipulation, and Symbolic Control in Academic Relations
type: item
description: This study examines how language operates as a tool of manipulation in academic grooming within Indonesian higher education. Using a qualitative forensic-linguistic approach integrating Critical Discourse Analysis, Speech Act Theory, and Thematic Analysis, it analyses approximately 850 utterances from authentic lecturer–student communications, supplemented by interviews with six victims and one expert. The findings show that grooming unfolds through three interrelated linguistic mechanisms, affective persuasion, instrumental exploitation, and symbolic control, that gradually transform professional discourse into emotional dependency and compliance. Affective and instrumental lexis dominates grooming communication (71%), embedding coercion within rhetoric of care, mentorship, and professionalism, and producing discursive entrapment in which victims internalise control as trust. The study proposes a Forensic Linguistic Indicator Model (FLIM) for the early detection of grooming language, conceptualising academic grooming as institutionalised linguistic coercion and offering policy-relevant insights for safeguarding and prevention in higher education.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: forensic linguistics
  topic: keywords
subject: grooming
  topic: keywords
subject: discourse analysis
  topic: keywords
subject: sexual violence
  topic: keywords
subject: higher education
  topic: keywords
creator: Elitaria Bestri Agustina Siregar
creator: Tantri Sari Safitry
creator: Rinto Maha
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 ETERNAL (English Teaching Journal)
date: 2026-02-11
publication date: 2026-02-11
starting page: 19
ending page: 29
doi: 10.26877/eternal.v7i1.2863

Pre-Service EFL Teachers’ Perceptions of Formative Assessment Literacy in Indonesian
type: item
description: The current study investigates the formative assessment literacy of Indonesian pre-service English teachers by adopting a sequential mixed-method approach. The survey data revealed that participants had a moderate level of formative assessment literacy (M = 3.02), with varying scores across three components. The conceptual domain scored the highest (M = 3.12), followed by the socio-emotional domain (M = 2.98) and the practical domain (M = 2.96). The second finding gained from the second part of the survey and from interview sessions indicated five different challenges encountered by the participants in practicing formative assessment. The issues raised by the participants were related to limited support from their institution, their heavy teaching workload, lack of digital literacy, their students’ low learning motivation, and the participants’ inadequate assessment skills and knowledge. Although this study has several limitations, it provides several implications, such as the urgency of providing training for teachers to help them improve their assessment literacy.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: assessment literacy
  topic: keywords
subject: formative assessment
  topic: keywords
subject: Pre-service teachers
  topic: keywords
creator: Andri Suherman
creator: M. Adib Nazri
creator: Ari Prasetyaningrum
creator: Yulia Agustina
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 ETERNAL (English Teaching Journal)
date: 2026-02-11
publication date: 2026-02-11
starting page: 31
ending page: 40
doi: 10.26877/eternal.v7i1.2806

Enhancing Speaking Skills through Digital Storytelling: A case study
type: item
description: This research assessed how digital storytelling (DST) could enhance the junior high school students' oral proficiency skills in speaking the English language in the context of Islamic schooling in Indonesia. The research deployed a quasi – experimental design within the context of an Islamic school setting. The sample consisted of 64 students. 31 students comprised the experimental class who received instruction through the use of DST while 33 students made the control class who were taught using traditional instructional techniques. The data was collected through administered tests which assessed the students' speaking through various parameters. To understand the progress of the student's scores within the two groups the Wilcoxon signed-rank test was utilized. It was found out that all of the students improved in their speaking skills but the experimental group had higher scores. This shows DST has a high positive effect on students’ oral performance. DST gave positive impact on student's enthusiasm, teamwork and confidence in using the language was also noted. The students’ level of DST speaking discipline was high which suggests the technique is useful. The implications of this study point towards DST to strengthen the students’ motivation, performance and speaking competency.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: speaking
  topic: keywords
subject: digital storytelling
  topic: keywords
subject: case study
  topic: keywords
creator: Abdurrasyiid Alaiksander
creator: Atik Rokhayani
creator: Titis Sulistyowati
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 ETERNAL (English Teaching Journal)
date: 2026-02-11
publication date: 2026-02-11
starting page: 41
ending page: 49
doi: 10.26877/eternal.v7i1.2780

­­Bridging Languages: How EMI Teachers Use Language-related Teaching Strategies in their Classrooms
type: item
description: The rapid expansion of English-medium Instruction (EMI) in higher education worldwide presents opportunities and challenges, particularly in non-English-s contexts. While EMI aims to enhance global competitiveness, academic quality, and intercultural awareness, its implementation often faces language-related barriers affecting both students and instructors. This study investigated the language-related teaching strategies international EMI teachers employed to facilitate content delivery and enhance student comprehension. Specifically, it explored the instructional and regulative discourse strategies utilized in EMI classrooms. A case study approach was employed, focusing on two international EMI teachers at a private university in Indonesia. Data were collected through classroom observations, stimulated recall, and semi-structured interviews. Findings reveal that teachers used various instructional strategies, including demonstrations, visual aids, synonyms, and code-switching, to bridge linguistic gaps and support content comprehension. Regulative strategies such as building rapport and checking comprehension were also frequently utilized to create an inclusive learning environment. Teachers perceived these strategies as effective in mitigating language-related barriers and fostering engagement among students with varying English proficiency levels. This study underscores the importance of language awareness in EMI pedagogy and offers insights into effective teaching strategies for non-language faculty delivering content in English.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: English-Medium Instruction
  topic: keywords
subject: higher education
  topic: keywords
subject: instructional discourse
  topic: keywords
subject: language-related strategies
  topic: keywords
subject: regulative discourse
  topic: keywords
creator: Meta Sekar Dewani
creator: Debora Tri Ragawanti
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 ETERNAL (English Teaching Journal)
date: 2026-02-11
publication date: 2026-02-11
starting page: 1
ending page: 8
doi: 10.26877/eternal.v7i1.2634

Undergraduate Students’ English Self-Efficacy and Technology-Assisted Self-Regulated Learning
type: item
description: Greater access to learning sources resulting from the advancement of the Internet and information technology helps students regulate their learning habits and achieve specific learning targets, including English language learning. This study analyzed English self-efficacy and technology-assisted self-regulated learning strategies among undergraduate students and how the two variables correlate. A total of 510 undergraduate students at Sam Ratulangi University, Indonesia, participated in the study. Two sets of questionnaires, including the Questionnaire of English Self-Efficacy (QESE) and the Technology-Based Self-Regulated Learning Strategy Questionnaire (TSRLQ), were administered in data collection. The data analyses included descriptive statistics and bivariate Pearson correlation calculations. This study found a heterogeneous profile of English self-efficacy and technology-assisted SRL. Meanwhile, the Pearson correlation calculation results revealed that English self-efficacy was significantly correlated with technology-assisted SRL in a positive direction. Thus, this study suggests that more efficacious students are more likely to apply technology-assisted SRL in their English language learning.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Self-Efficacy
  topic: keywords
subject: self-regulate learning
  topic: keywords
subject: technology-assisted learning
  topic: keywords
creator: F Ari Anggraini Sebayang
creator: Muh. Hasan Basri
creator: Dewi Christa Kobis
creator: Yulianty Sanggelorang
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 ETERNAL (English Teaching Journal)
date: 2026-02-11
publication date: 2026-02-11
starting page: 84
ending page: 94
doi: 10.26877/eternal.v7i1.2408

Bridging the Gap: Pre-Service Teachers’ Realities of Technology Integration in the Digital Classroom
type: item
description: In the digital era, integrating technology into education is essential for preparing future-ready educators. This qualitative case study explores how pre-service teachers experience and implement digital tools in instructional settings. It focuses on their successes, challenges, and the pedagogical strategies they employ. Drawing on the Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge (TPACK) framework and experiential learning theory, the study involved 15 pre-service teachers from a university in Semarang. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews and classroom observations, and analyzed using thematic analysis. The findings reveal that pre-service teachers primarily used technology to manage classrooms and engage students—for example, using interactive platforms like Kahoot! to maintain attention and assess understanding in real time. These tools influenced student reactions and led teachers to adapt their instructional strategies dynamically. While digital tools were seen as effective for promoting engagement and understanding, participants faced challenges related to digital literacy, infrastructure limitations, and a lack of mentorship. Technology-based assessment and proactive engagement strategies were less frequently applied, highlighting a gap between theoretical training and classroom practice. The results suggest that teacher education programs should provide more hands-on, guided experiences, reflective practices, and institutional support to develop digital teaching competence. This study contributes to ongoing efforts to align teacher training with the realities of technology-enhanced learning environments
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Pre-service teachers
  topic: keywords
subject: technology integration
  topic: keywords
subject: digital pedagogy
  topic: keywords
subject: TPACK framework
  topic: keywords
creator: Lusia Maryani Silitonga
creator: Sri Suciati
creator: Wiyaka
creator: Entika Fani Prastikawati
creator: Nur Cholifah
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 ETERNAL (English Teaching Journal)
date: 2025-08-09
publication date: 2025-08-09
starting page: 510
ending page: 519
doi: 10.26877/8e0app73

Reading Comprehension through Multimodal Literacy Approach for English Education
type: item
description: In the digital era, reading comprehension of multimodal texts that integrate written language with images, videos, and interactive elements has become crucial yet challenging for many students. This mixed-methods study investigated the effectiveness of a multimodal instructional approach in enhancing reading comprehension among 120 Indonesian high school students. The quantitative component employed a quasi-experimental design with pre/post reading comprehension tests, while the qualitative component utilized observations and interviews. The results revealed that the experimental group receiving multimodal instruction achieved significantly higher reading comprehension scores compared to the control group receiving traditional text-based instruction (F(1, 117) = 12.68, p < .001, ηp2 = .098). The multimodal approach was particularly beneficial for students with lower initial reading proficiency levels. Qualitative data indicated increased engagement, motivation, comprehension facilitation, accommodation of diverse learning styles, and the need for technology integration support and instructional scaffolding. The findings align with multimedia learning theory and differentiated instruction principles, providing empirical evidence supporting the integration of multimodal elements to create engaging, accessible, and effective reading experiences. Implications for teacher professional development, curriculum design, and future research directions are discussed. Overall, this study contributes to the growing literature on multimodal literacy pedagogy and offers practical insights for enhancing reading instruction in the 21st century multimedia landscape.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Multimodal literacy
  topic: keywords
subject: Reading comprehension
  topic: keywords
subject: Multimedia learning
  topic: keywords
subject: Differentiated instruction
  topic: keywords
subject: Technology integration
  topic: keywords
creator: Ernita Daulay
creator: Utami Dewi
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 ETERNAL (English Teaching Journal)
date: 2025-07-11
publication date: 2025-07-11
starting page: 397
ending page: 404
doi: 10.26877/eternal.v16i2.1910

Deep Learning-based Interactive E-module to Enhance English Learning Motivation in Elementary School
type: item
description: This study investigates the impact of a Deep Learning-based interactive e-module on the motivation of primary school students learning English as a foreign language. A quasi-experimental design with a pre-test and post-test control group was employed, involving 60 fifth-grade students in West Java, Indonesia. The experimental group (n=30) used the Deep Learning-based module, while the control group (n=30) received traditional instruction. Motivation levels were measured using a validated questionnaire based on Self-Determination Theory, supported by interviews and classroom observations for qualitative insight. Quantitative analysis revealed a statistically significant increase in motivation among students in the experimental group (t(29) = 10.45, p < 0.001, d = 2.17), whereas the control group showed no significant change. Thematic analysis of interviews and observations confirmed higher engagement, enjoyment, and autonomy among students using the e-module. These findings demonstrate that Deep Learning technology, when applied thoughtfully, can create personalized, responsive learning experiences that foster intrinsic motivation in young learners. This study contributes to the limited body of research on AI-powered educational interventions at the primary level and offers practical implications for digital learning design in EFL contexts. Future research is recommended to explore long-term effects and broader implementation across diverse educational settings.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Interactive e-module
  topic: keywords
subject: Deep Learning
  topic: keywords
subject: Motivation
  topic: keywords
subject: English as a Foreign Language (EFL)
  topic: keywords
subject: Elementary education
  topic: keywords
creator: Eka Nurhidayat
creator: Afief Fakhruddin
creator: Yummi Budiarti
creator: Eka Kurnia
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 ETERNAL (English Teaching Journal)
date: 2026-02-11
publication date: 2026-02-11
starting page: 9
ending page: 18
doi: 10.26877/eternal.v7i1.2165

EFL Students’ Perception towards the Use of Debate Video Session for Vocabulary Acquisition and Retention
type: item
description: Discovering captioned debate videos for vocabulary acquisition is an essential learning strategy for EFL learners. Vocabulary is a crucial element in the acquisition of a foreign language. However, many students experience challenges in mastering English vocabulary. Various vocabulary learning strategies were established, with some students utilizing personalized techniques to learn new words. Learners' motivation and obsession with vocabulary acquisition are enhanced by audiovisual stimuli, such as animated films, videos, and music, which captivate their attention. This study aims to explore students' perceptions of using captioned debate video sessions in English for vocabulary acquisition and retention. In this study, the researcher utilized a mixed method. The research was conducted in the English Department of Universitas Negeri Malang, East Java. It involved 40 participants: 30 undergraduate students in their third and fifth semesters and 10 postgraduate students in their first semester of master's studies. The findings revealed that debate videos improved EFL learners' English vocabulary mastery and pronunciation and helped with word retention. Captioned debate videos should be employed in the EFL teaching classroom to enhance learners' English proficiency, particularly for vocabulary acquisition and retention, as well as to foster pronunciation. In addition, captioned debate videos can improve active vocabulary mastery and listening comprehension.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Debate
  topic: keywords
subject: English Foreign Language
  topic: keywords
subject: Video
  topic: keywords
subject: Vocabulary acquisition
  topic: keywords
creator: Gaetan Olivier
creator: Nunung Suryati
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 ETERNAL (English Teaching Journal)
date: 2025-07-11
publication date: 2025-07-11
starting page: 380
ending page: 396
doi: 10.26877/eternal.v16i2.2056

Figurative Languages Found in Paint My Love Greatest Hits Lyrics
type: item
description: Language is a fundamental tool in communication and expression, including in the realm of music. Songs, as a form of art, often use figurative language to convey messages more emotionally and aesthetically. However, not all listeners are able to understand the hidden meaning behind the lyrics, especially when figurative language is used. This study aims to examine the use of figurative language in the album Paint My Love Greatest Hits by referring to Frederik's theory. This study uses a qualitative approach to analyze the types and meanings of figurative language found in song lyrics. Data were obtained from all songs in the album. The results of the analysis show that the most frequent type of figurative language is symbols (42.86%), while the least frequent are hyperbole, litotes, metonymy, and paradox. These findings reveal that figurative language plays an important role in enriching the meaning and emotional depth of song lyrics.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: analysis
  topic: keywords
subject: figurative languages
  topic: keywords
subject: paint my love greatest hits
  topic: keywords
subject: michael learns to rock
  topic: keywords
creator: Ratna Putri Krisnisa
creator: Semi Sukarni
creator: Zulia Chasanah
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 ETERNAL (English Teaching Journal)
date: 2025-07-11
publication date: 2025-07-11
starting page: 297
ending page: 305
doi: 10.26877/eternal.v16i2.1912

The Effect Of Using Question-Answer Relationship (QAR) On Students’ Reading Comprehension Abilities In Procedure Text
type: item
description: This research aims to discover how well the students' reading comprehension abilities are enhanced by QAR strategy and to discover how the students’ responses to the use of QAR strategy. The population in this research were students of 10th grade SMK Ma’arif 9 Kebumen which consisted of 507 students and the sample consisted of 60 students. This research used a quantitative and data was gathered from the test result as well as a questionnaire containing 16 questions with an item scale. The test result in experimental class showed that the pre-test average was 55.6 while the post-test was 82.2. The average score of both is quite different. After hypothesis testing was carried out, the results obtained were T Score < T Table (0,000<0,05), Therefore, it can be said that using QAR has an impact on students' reading comprehension abilities of 10th grade students in SMK Ma’arif 9 Kebumen. In addition, the students also showed positive responses to the use of QAR strategy such as the students were able to mark keywords from the text to find the correct answer, the students were able to explain the information contained in the reading text, and the students said that the QAR strategy facilitated them to understand the reading text and to answer the questions. It was evident from the results of the questionnaires. Most of students stated that the QAR technique was highly beneficial and helped them enhance their reading comprehension skills.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Reading Comprehension
  topic: keywords
subject: Question-Answer Relationship (QAR) Strategy
  topic: keywords
subject: Procedure Text
  topic: keywords
creator: Rori Wijayanto
creator: Hastri Firharmawan
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 ETERNAL (English Teaching Journal)
date: 2025-07-11
publication date: 2025-07-11
starting page: 368
ending page: 379
doi: 10.26877/eternal.v16i2.1905

Beyond the ‘Uh-Oh’ Moment: Refusal Strategies in a Young EFL Learner’s Extensive Reading Responses
type: item
description: Understanding refusal strategies utilized by young learners in learning English as a foreign language (EFL) is essential for teachers to foster more effective interaction in the classroom. The present study explores how a young EFL learner applies refusal strategies when interacting during extensive reading (ER) activities. Data were collected through real-time observations, the learner’s diaries, and a parent interview, and further analyzed using thematic analysis. The findings revealed how the young EFL learner applied more direct refusals, influenced by the learner’s developmental traits. Indirect refusals, which appeared mostly as avoidance, emerged frequently only during the initial ER sessions. Refusals, regardless, did not appear as frequent towards the end of ER sessions as the learner became comfortable and confident with the teacher’s scaffolding. Considering the findings, the current study suggests future studies to investigate how refusal strategies are applied by young EFL learners in a larger group, which may be influenced by different developmental traits, learning situations, and language proficiencies, to further generalize the findings.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Extensive Reading
  topic: keywords
subject: Refusal Strategies
  topic: keywords
subject: Young EFL Learner
  topic: keywords
creator: Zalva Fajhira Shabrina Putri
creator: Utami Widiati
creator: Evynurul Laily Zen
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 ETERNAL (English Teaching Journal)
date: 2025-07-11
publication date: 2025-07-11
starting page: 321
ending page: 339
doi: 10.26877/eternal.v16i2.1876

Exploring Body Positivity Through Instagram Discourse: A Critical Discourse Analysis of Clara Dao and Her Audience
type: item
description: This study focuses on the feminist stylistic features of Clara Dao's Instagram discourse. A qualitative research design is employed, using Sara Mills’s feminist stylistics within the framework of Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA), which focuses on the word, sentence, and discourse levels. Data were collected through purposive sampling and documentation techniques. The subject of the study is the commentary associated with Clara Dao’s Instagram content, explicitly discussing body image issues. The data include 18 comments categorized as positive, negative, and neutral, selected based on the relevance issue of body positivity. The findings reveal that societal expectations impose certain norms and standards on women’s physical appearances. These expectations influence how women are judged and often criticized when they do not conform to dominant beauty ideals. Additionally, the construction of female identity is shown to be shaped by social norms that dictate how women should behave and present themselves in public discourse.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: body positivity
  topic: keywords
subject: feminist stylistics
  topic: keywords
subject: critical discourse analysis
  topic: keywords
subject: instagram
  topic: keywords
creator: Baiq Rahayu Kurniasih
creator: Aprillia
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 ETERNAL (English Teaching Journal)
date: 2025-07-11
publication date: 2025-07-11
starting page: 280
ending page: 296
doi: 10.26877/eternal.v16i2.1817

Rhetorical Moves of Research Article Abstracts in Linguistics and Language Education with Different Quartile Level
type: item
description: Writing an abstract in a research article is very important. The existence of abstract is compulsory in a research article. It is a research summary that must be attached and presented with the article. This study aims to identify moves and the most common pattern in RA abstracts in linguistic and language journals with different quartiles level. By using descriptive qualitative method, eighty RA abstracts of linguistic and language education journals with different quartile level were extracted from eight journals. The result finding; 1) Move 2 (Aim/Purpose) exists in seventy RA abstracts, Move 3 (Method) is present in sixty two RA abstracts, and Move 4 (Finding/Result) appears in Seventy Eight RA abstracts. In contrast, Move 1 (Introduction) is found in only 50 RA abstracts, and Move 5 (Conclusion) appears in 31 RA abstracts. 2) Q1 journal have the most frequent move, indicating a more comprehensive and detailed structure in their abstracts. In contrast, journals in lower quartiles, such as Q3 and Q4, often feature abstracts with fewer moves. As this study focuses only on the rhetorical move and pattern of RA abstract in field of linguistic and language journal with different quartile level, future research should conduct a comparative study and language features of the RA abstract in the field of across discipline with different quartile level.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Abstract
  topic: keywords
subject: Linguistic and Language Journal
  topic: keywords
subject: Rhetorical Move
  topic: keywords
creator: Wahyuni Triyanna
creator: Alamsyah Harahap
creator: Wisma Yunita
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 ETERNAL (English Teaching Journal)
date: 2025-08-09
publication date: 2025-08-09
starting page: 496
ending page: 509
doi: 10.26877/eternal.v16i2.1741

Inclusion and Exclusion of Social Actors in Judi Online ‘Online Gambling’ News:A Corpus-Assisted Critical Discourse Analysis Approach on Kompas.com
type: item
description: Abstract. This study aims to describe the inclusion and exclusion of social actors in online gambling news coverage on Kompas.com using a critical discourse analysis approach assisted by corpora. By utilizing this approach, the language patterns used in the coverage are systematically analyzed to explore how the issue of online gambling is framed by the media. The findings reveal that the coverage predominantly features the government, such as "Budi Arie", in a positive role as an active actor in the fight against online gambling (inclusion). The government is portrayed as the key and dominant force in addressing this issue. In contrast, the online gambling perpetrators and victims are more frequently ignored or concealed (exclusion). The perpetrators are depicted as destructive agents responsible for the issue, while victims are often portrayed as suffering individuals who require external intervention. The language use that emphasizes the government's role highlights efforts to reinforce their legitimacy in addressing this social problem. Thus, the analysis shows that Kompas.com's news coverage tends to present a discourse that supports the government's role in tackling online gambling, while minimizing the representation of perpetrators and victims.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: online gambling
  topic: keywords
subject: exclusion
  topic: keywords
subject: inclusion
  topic: keywords
subject: social actors
  topic: keywords
subject: Kompas.com
  topic: keywords
creator: Raden Yusuf Sidiq Budiawan
creator: Rawinda Fitrotul Mualafina
creator: Siti Ulfiyani
creator: Mukhlis
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 ETERNAL (English Teaching Journal)
date: 2025-08-04
publication date: 2025-08-04
starting page: 405
ending page: 419
doi: 10.26877/eternal.v16i2.1708

The Integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) In English Language Teaching Practices: A Meta-Synthesis Study
type: item
description: A great number of studies researching the incorporation of AI into English language teaching have grown significantly within the last five years. Nevertheless, to date, limited studies have been found to specifically review studies regarding AI integration in English language teaching. To fill the gap, this meta-synthesis study aims at presenting a summary of qualitative literature exploring how AI is integrated in English language teaching. Sixteen out of forty-seven articles were selected from various reputable databases as well as peer-reviewed journals (i.e., Scopus indexed) including Taylor & Francis, Science Direct, Wiley, Emerald, and ProQuest. Only qualitative data were processed and analysed thematically. Findings revealed some emerging themes: 1) student and teacher’s views towards AI integration in ELT, 2) benefits and drawbacks of AI integration in ELT, and 3) the role of AI for language skill improvement. In addition, the study shed light on several research topics recommended for further research.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Artificial intelligence (AI)
  topic: keywords
subject: English language teaching (ELT)
  topic: keywords
subject: integration
  topic: keywords
subject: meta-synthesis
  topic: keywords
creator: Aji Budi Rinekso
creator: Ahmad Bukhori Muslim
creator: Rojab Siti Rodliyah
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 ETERNAL (English Teaching Journal)
date: 2025-08-09
publication date: 2025-08-09
starting page: 465
ending page: 484
doi: 10.26877/eternal.v16i2.1691

Unveiling Halliday’s Textual Metafunction in Indonesian and Samoan EFL Textbooks for Year 10
type: item
description: Abstract. Textual metafunction helps the authors develop text coherently and cohesively and significantly aids readers in understanding the idea, especially in EFL textbooks. EFL textbook has become the essential learning material in EFL classrooms which it should be delivered with clarity to fostered students to grasp the material. Due to the crucial role of EFL textbooks in EFL classrooms, this study aims to unveil how theme-rheme and thematic progression occurred in reading passages of Indonesian and Samoan EFL textbooks. To attain the aims of the study, twelve reading passages from the Indonesian EFL textbook and eight reading passages from the Samoan EFL textbook for year ten were examined. Data that has been examined by theme-rheme proposed by Halliday and Matthiessen (2014) revealed that topical theme is a common type of theme found in Indonesian and Samoan EFL textbooks. Concurrently, these textbooks have the same type order in the occurrence of theme-rheme’s type, from the most common to the least type of theme that appeared. However, the Samoan EFL textbook contains a smaller variety of components in theme types due to the limited text genres in it. After examined thematic progression of these textbooks, and it revealed that the zigzag theme pattern was the majority theme pattern. Alongside the zigzag theme pattern becoming the majority pattern, these textbooks had different order for the second and third place of theme pattern due to the various contents of these EFL textbooks. This study provides textual metafunction, especially theme-rheme and thematic progression, which could be analyzed in EFL textbooks and, eventually, in literary texts.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: EFL Textbooks
  topic: keywords
subject: reading passages
  topic: keywords
subject: rheme
  topic: keywords
subject: theme
  topic: keywords
subject: thematic progression
  topic: keywords
creator: Tazkia Aghnia Aulia
creator: Sri Wuli Fitriati
creator: Widhiyanto
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 ETERNAL (English Teaching Journal)
date: 2025-08-05
publication date: 2025-08-05
starting page: 420
ending page: 433
doi: 10.26877/eternal.v16i2.1613

Principles of Developing “V-I-S-U-A-L-S” Media in Teaching English to Young Learners at SD GMIT Oepura
type: item
description: Abstract. This research aims to help EYL teachers utilize the media to achieve learning goals. The learning process becomes fun, students are pro-active in learning, the material is easy to understand and there is interaction between teachers and students. The research was conducted in the SD GMIT Oepura, where the researcher taught the elementary students using EYL media which EYL students have made. This focuses on how the elementary students respond to the media itself whether the media interacted with them or not. The research data was collected through observation. Analysis was carried out through analytical descriptive methods and qualitative content analysis. Research on this topic is about V-I-S-U-A-L-S which stands for visible, interesting, simple, useful, accurate, legitimate, and structured, was obtained from (1.) Media create a memorable learning experience, understand complex and abstract concepts through colorful images, grab attention, and encourage active participation. (2.) Psychologically, the v-i-s-u-a-l-s media development provides meaningful experiences, and builds the young learners’ creativity by overcoming limitations of time, space, and energy that make the learning more interactive, improving the quality of their learning outcomes. (3.) V-i-s-u-a-l-s media helps students understand difficult material, making the learning process more interesting and varied, and making students more active in class. (4.) V-i-s-u-a-l-s media builds students’ creativity to develop their interaction easily between teachers and students so that learning activities are more effective and efficient. (5.) V-i-s-u-a-l-s media stimulated young learners to learn more actively. (6.) V-i-s-u-a-l-s media helps the teaching and learning process with various benefits, such as reducing obstacles in the learning process, assisting teachers in providing explanations of learning material, helping students absorb lesson material more deeply, helping students think concretely, a…
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Principles of developing V-I-S-U-A-L-S media
  topic: keywords
subject: teaching English for young learners
  topic: keywords
creator: Erny Selfina Nggala Hambandima
creator: Eka Merdekawati Imelda Seseli
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 ETERNAL (English Teaching Journal)
date: 2025-08-05
publication date: 2025-08-05
starting page: 434
ending page: 441
doi: 10.26877/eternal.v16i2.1602

Exploring EFL Teachers’ Knowledge on the Utilization of Platform Merdeka Mengajar (PMM): Challenges, Possibilities and Practices
type: item
description: In supporting the implementation of The Emancipated Curriculum, Merdeka Mengajar is the main tool that the government use to spread information and help the implementation of The Emancipated Curriculum. In The Pangandaran district, the Emancipated Curriculum has been 100% implemented in formal education. In implementing The Emancipated Curriculum, there are many challenges that teachers face; they need a comprehensive understanding of the Emancipated Curriculum to implement the curriculum. This study aims to give an overview of how the utilization of PMM to support Pangandaran EFL teachers’ knowledge in implementing Emancipated Curriculum and the challenges, possibilities, and Practices in the utilization of PMM are based on EFL Pangandaran Teachers’ perspective. This study used qualitative methods with using documentation, questionnaires, and interviews to collect the data. Documentations were made by extracting data from the West Java Province BBMP website. The questionnaire involved 50 EFL teachers in The Pangandaran district. Interviews were conducted with two EFL teachers in The Pangandaran district. The result shows that the use of Platform Merdeka Mengajar (PMM) in The Pangandaran district has a score of 41.1% good, 50% quite good, and 8.9% need to be improved. 100% of the samples have installed the PMM application on their devices and have started studying the material and features of the application. Most EFL Teachers still face challenges in the utilization of PMM and the implementation of The Emancipated Curriculum itself.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Platform Merdeka Mengajar
  topic: keywords
subject: Emancipated Curriculum
  topic: keywords
subject: practices
  topic: keywords
subject: challenges
  topic: keywords
subject: possibilities
  topic: keywords
subject: EFL Teachers
  topic: keywords
creator: Hengki Anggra Hermawan
creator: Yanty Wirza
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 ETERNAL (English Teaching Journal)
date: 2025-07-11
publication date: 2025-07-11
starting page: 306
ending page: 320
doi: 10.26877/eternal.v16i2.1570

Beyond the Score: A Personal Journey of Language Learning and Identity in IELTS Preparation
type: item
description: This autoethnography study examines the author's experiences in language learning and identity formation as related to IELTS preparation. As an English teacher, the author faces the unexpected distance between teaching skill and ability in the usage of language and emphasizes the layered nature of linguistic proficiency. Through a critical examination of her own IELTS learning experience, the author reveals the emotional and psychological struggles of navigating standardized testing, including feelings of overwhelm and inadequacy. Through familiarity with IELTS materials and with taking the IELTS test, the author undertakes a self-revelatory adventure, in which a discourse between language learning, identity, and academic expectation emerges. This reflective narrative presents a complex explanation of the personal psycho-social process behind language acquisition and therefore, the reader is led beyond the score to a set of complex interactions of personal development, self-perception, and identity an academic sense. The findings emphasize the importance of self-regulated learning, social engagement, and cognitive strategies in shaping one's academic and linguistic identity.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: IELTS preparation
  topic: keywords
subject: Self-regulated learning
  topic: keywords
subject: Identity formation
  topic: keywords
subject: Autoethnography
  topic: keywords
creator: Ika Chairiyani
creator: Iswandini Agustin
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 ETERNAL (English Teaching Journal)
date: 2025-07-11
publication date: 2025-07-11
starting page: 340
ending page: 352
doi: 10.26877/eternal.v16i2.1569

Exploring the Use of Google Docs for Collaborative Narrative Writing: A Sequential Exploratory Study in EFL Classroom
type: item
description: Abstract. Among the recent technological tools often used in teaching English as a foreign language (TEFL), Google Docs is mostly used. This online media facilitates students' collaborative writing activities, making Google Docs frequently applied in writing classes to construct narrative text. Therefore, this study explores the influence of Google Docs as a medium for collaborative writing among EFL students in higher education, specifically on how it fosters sstudents' collaboration, communication, critical thinking, and creativity as part of 21st-century skills. Through a mixed-method study, the research examines how students perceive Google Docs as it is employed to support collaborative writing. Data were collected from 50 English literature students from a private university in Indonesia. They were asked to describe their experiences in learning diaries throughout the teaching-learning session before being interviewed and asked to answer a questionnaire at the end of the course. The findings indicated that Google Docs provided students with meaningful learning experiences. It facilitates real-time collaboration and enhances peer feedback, which makes the activities beneficial in developing students' collaboration, communication, critical thinking, and creativity as part of 21st-century skills. Therefore, the study emphasizes the need for structured guidance to maximize ICT tools' usefulness for education.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Google Docs
  topic: keywords
subject: EFL Classes
  topic: keywords
subject: Collaborative Writing
  topic: keywords
subject: Narrative Text
  topic: keywords
creator: Shafa Salsabila Sembiring
creator: Yuliati
creator: Zulfa Sakhiyya
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 ETERNAL (English Teaching Journal)
date: 2025-08-05
publication date: 2025-08-05
starting page: 442
ending page: 456
doi: 10.26877/eternal.v16i2.1543

Exploring Paz Marquez-Benitez’ Dead Stars: A Linguistic Journey Through Transitivity Analysis
type: item
description: This study analyzed the first modern short story written in English in the Philippines, Dead Stars by Paz Marquez-Benitez through Systemic Functional Linguistics using Transitivity analysis. This study aims to understand how language is used to represent actions, participants, and their contexts, serving as a powerful tool for uncovering meaning and patterns of communication. The study made use of the qualitative research design integrating a detailed and comprehensive knowledge of the short story. From the analysis, material processes appear to be the most dominant processes; actor emerges as the most dominant type of participant; and manner appears frequently in circumstantial elements. Further, the study uncovers deeper meanings and ideological stances shedding light on how language is used to establish the to convey the story's themes, character relationships, and personal dilemmas—ultimately enhancing our appreciation of both language and literature.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: systemic functional linguistics
  topic: keywords
subject: transitivity analysis
  topic: keywords
subject: ideational meaning
  topic: keywords
subject: material process
  topic: keywords
subject: Dead Stars
  topic: keywords
creator: Aericka Jane D. Managbanag
creator: Kay Tepait Juanillo
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 ETERNAL (English Teaching Journal)
date: 2025-08-11
publication date: 2025-08-11
starting page: 520
ending page: 533
doi: 10.26877/eternal.v16i2.1539