Performance Evaluation of Seawater-Mixed Mortar under Carbonation Exposure for Sustainable Repair Applications

Authors

  • Pinta Astuti Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta
  • Adinda Dewi Puspitasari Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta
  • Ahmad Choiry Fajar Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta
  • Anisa Zulkarnain Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta
  • Adhitya Yoga Purnama Universitas Gadjah Mada

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.26877/7k5s0e50

Keywords:

carbonation-induced corrosion, corrosion, durability, seawater-mixed mortar, patch repair

Abstract

Corrosion and carbonation pose significant risks to reinforced concrete structures, necessitating timely patch repairs, especially when using seawater-mixed mortar. This study evaluated the influence of binder type, cover thickness, corrosion protection methods, and exposure conditions on the durability of reinforced concrete. Specimens using Portland Pozzolan Cement (PPC) and Portland Composite Cement (PCC) with 3 cm and 5 cm cover depths were tested over 400 days. PCC exhibited superior corrosion resistance due to its higher CaO content, enhancing strength, reducing permeability, and limiting chloride ion ingress. Surface concrete coatings were the most effective in mitigating carbonation, limiting carbonation depth to 0.38 cm, while steel-coated and uncoated specimens showed greater depths of 0.50 cm and 0.55 cm, respectively. Exposure conditions significantly influenced performance, with dry and dry-wet cycles accelerating carbonation, while wet conditions provided better protection. The findings recommend PCC-based mortar combined with surface coatings for patch repair applications to improve long-term durability in marine environments.

Author Biographies

  • Pinta Astuti, Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta

    Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta, Jalan Brawijaya, Tamantirto, Kasihan, Bantul, Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta, 55183, Indonesia

  • Adinda Dewi Puspitasari, Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta

    Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta, Jalan Brawijaya, Tamantirto, Kasihan, Bantul, Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta, 55183, Indonesia

  • Ahmad Choiry Fajar, Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta

    Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta, Jalan Brawijaya, Tamantirto, Kasihan, Bantul, Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta, 55183, Indonesia

  • Anisa Zulkarnain, Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta

    Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta, Jalan Brawijaya, Tamantirto, Kasihan, Bantul, Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta, 55183, Indonesia

  • Adhitya Yoga Purnama, Universitas Gadjah Mada

    Department of Civil Engineering, Vocational College, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Jalan Yacaranda, Sekip Unit IV, Bulaksumur, Caturtunggal, Depok, Sleman, Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta, 55281, Indonesia

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Published

2025-04-30

Issue

Vol. 7 No. 2 (2025): February-April

Section

Articles