Effect of Natural Fiber Stacking Sequence on the Properties of Hybrid Composites for Drone Frame Applications

Authors

  • Janiviter Manalu Universitas Cenderawasih
  • Jefri Bale Universitas Nusa Cendana
  • Khristhoper Aris Arianto Manalu Universitas Cenderawasih
  • Frans Augusthinus Asmuruf Universitas Cenderawasih
  • Deni Fajar Fitriyana Universitas Negeri Semarang
  • Nizar Alamsyah Universitas Negeri Semarang
  • Januar Parlaungan Siregar Universiti Malaysia Pahang Al-Sultan Abdullah (UMPSA)
  • Al Ichlas Imran Universiti Malaysia Pahang Al-Sultan Abdullah (UMPSA)
  • Tezara Cionita SEGi University
  • Natalino Fonseca Da Silva Guterres Dili Institute of Technology

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.26877/asset.v7i4.2048

Keywords:

drone frame materials, hybrid composites, mechanical characterization, natural fiber reinforcement, textile waste recycling

Abstract

The present study highlights the effective utilization of waste fibers in structural composites for drone frame applications, offering a sustainable pathway for developing high-performance materials while simultaneously addressing the issue of textile waste pollution. This study investigates the effect of ramie and cotton fiber waste fabric stacking sequences on the physical and mechanical properties of composites for quadcopter drone frames. Waste fabric was selected as an eco-friendly material to address textile pollution. The composites were fabricated using the hand lay-up technique with a 3:1 epoxy resin to hardener ratio, incorporating five layers of fabric in different configurations. The physical and mechanical properties, including density, water absorption, material hardness, flexural strength, and macro photography, were tested. The results showed that the composite made from fully cotton fabric (K-K-K-K-K) had the best density (1.182 g/cm³), lowest water absorption (2.22%), highest hardness (85.6 HD), and flexural strength of 179.1 MPa. These findings indicate that cotton fabric waste is a promising, sustainable material for composite reinforcement in quadcopter drone frame applications.

Author Biographies

  • Janiviter Manalu, Universitas Cenderawasih

    Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Cenderawasih, Kota Jayapura 99358, Indonesia

  • Jefri Bale, Universitas Nusa Cendana

    Mechanical Engineering Department, Universitas Nusa Cendana, Kupang, Nusa Tenggara Timur, Indonesia

  • Khristhoper Aris Arianto Manalu, Universitas Cenderawasih

    Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Cenderawasih, Kota Jayapura 99358, Indonesia

  • Frans Augusthinus Asmuruf, Universitas Cenderawasih

    Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Cenderawasih, Kota Jayapura 99358, Indonesia

  • Deni Fajar Fitriyana, Universitas Negeri Semarang

    Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Negeri Semarang, Semarang 50229, Indonesia

  • Nizar Alamsyah, Universitas Negeri Semarang

    Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Negeri Semarang, Semarang 50229, Indonesia

  • Januar Parlaungan Siregar, Universiti Malaysia Pahang Al-Sultan Abdullah (UMPSA)

    Faculty of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering Technology, Universiti Malaysia Pahang Al-Sultan Abdullah (UMPSA), Pahang, Malaysia

    Automotive Engineering Center (AEC), Universiti Malaysia Pahang Al-Sultan Abdullah (UMPSA), Pahang, Malaysia

  • Al Ichlas Imran, Universiti Malaysia Pahang Al-Sultan Abdullah (UMPSA)

    Automotive Engineering Center (AEC), Universiti Malaysia Pahang Al-Sultan Abdullah (UMPSA), Pahang, Malaysia

    Department of Mechanical Engineering, Universitas Halu Oleo, Kendari 93232, Indonesia

  • Tezara Cionita, SEGi University

    Faculty of Engineering, Built Environment & Information Technology, SEGi University, 47810, Selangor, Malaysia

  • Natalino Fonseca Da Silva Guterres, Dili Institute of Technology

    Departement of Mechanical Engineering, Dili Institute of Technology, Timor Leste

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Published

2025-10-16

Issue

Vol. 7 No. 4 (2025): August-October

Section

Articles