Optimization of Off-Grid Solar Lighting Systems Using OEMOF Integrated with IoT Field Data — Case Study: Bukit Kunci, Indonesia

Authors

  • Eva Hertnacahyani Herraprastanti Diponegoro University Indonesia
  • Berkah Fajar Tamtomo Kiono Diponegoro University Indonesia
  • Ismoyo Haryanto Diponegoro University Indonesia
  • Muchammad Muchammad Diponegoro University Indonesia
  • Muhammad Safar Korai Mehran UET Jamshoro Pakistan

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.26877/asset.v8i1.2672

Keywords:

OEMOF, off-grid systems, energy optimization, rural tourism energy, LCOE, IoT monitoring

Abstract

The growing need for efficient night lighting in natural tourist destinations highlights the importance of reliable and sustainable energy solutions. This study analyzes the optimization of solar-based lighting at Bukit Kunci, Indonesia, using the Open Energy Modelling Framework (OEMOF) combined with real-time monitoring via the IoT ThingSpeak platform. Photovoltaic (PV) panel data recorded at 15-second intervals during February–July 2025, yielding 532,520 records, were cleaned and aggregated as input to model the interaction of PV, batteries, LED lights, inverters, and backup generators, to minimize lifecycle cost and energy loss. Results indicate that the current PV capacity (0.4 kWp) supplies less than 50% of lighting demand, with a high levelized cost of energy (≈9.2 USD/kWh) and low reliability (self-sufficiency 3–22%). Optimization through capacity expansion (≈224 modules, ≈1.25 kWh storage) eliminated load loss probability and reduced LCOE to ≈0.05 USD/kWh. This approach demonstrates OEMOF’s potential to enhance system efficiency, ensure reliable night lighting, and support eco-tourism while offering replicability for rural destinations.

Author Biographies

  • Eva Hertnacahyani Herraprastanti, Diponegoro University

    Faculty of Technology, Universitas Diponegoro, Jl. Prof. Jacub Rais, Tembalang, Kec. Tembalang, Kota Semarang, Jawa Tengah 50275, Central Java, Indonesia

  • Berkah Fajar Tamtomo Kiono, Diponegoro University

    Faculty of Technology, Universitas Diponegoro, Jl. Prof. Jacub Rais, Tembalang, Kec. Tembalang, Kota Semarang, Jawa Tengah 50275, Central Java, Indonesia

  • Ismoyo Haryanto, Diponegoro University

    Faculty of Technology, Universitas Diponegoro, Jl. Prof. Jacub Rais, Tembalang, Kec. Tembalang, Kota Semarang, Jawa Tengah 50275, Central Java, Indonesia

  • Muchammad Muchammad, Diponegoro University

    Faculty of Technology, Universitas Diponegoro, Jl. Prof. Jacub Rais, Tembalang, Kec. Tembalang, Kota Semarang, Jawa Tengah 50275, Central Java, Indonesia

  • Muhammad Safar Korai, Mehran UET Jamshoro

    Institute of Environmental Engineering and Management, Mehran UET Jamshoro, Sindh, Pakistan

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Published

2026-01-31

Issue

Vol. 8 No. 1 (2026): November - January

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Articles

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