EFFECT OF DRYING TEMPERATURE ON ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY, TOTAL PHENOLIC CONTENT, AND TOTAL FLAVONOID CONTENT OF Chrysanthemum morifolium L. Flowers
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.26877/bioma.v15i2.3672Keywords:
Antioxidan Chrysanthemum Drying temperature Flavonoid PhenolicAbstract
This study explores the effects of drying temperatures (40, 50, and 60°C) on the extraction yield, antioxidant potential, total phenolic content, and total flavonoid content of Chrysanthemum flower simplicia. Four sample groups were evaluated: fresh flowers and flowers dried at 40, 50, or 60°C. The antioxidant activity was analysed by the DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) method, with IC₅₀ values reported. The Folin- Ciocalteu assay measured total phenolic content and was reported as mg gallic acid equivalents per gram of extract (mg GAE/g). Flavonoids per gram of extract were reported in mg quercetin equivalents (mg QE/g), measured using the AlCl₃ colourimetric technique. The data were analysed statistically through one-way ANOVA, followed by Duncan’s Multiple Range Test, with a significance level of p < 0.05. The fresh control produced a wet-basis extract yield of 0.82%, whereas the dried samples produced dry-basis yields of 3.0%, 3.2%, and 5.1% at 40, 50, and 60 °C, respectively. The highest antioxidant activity occurred in the 40°C group, with the lowest IC₅₀ value of 17.83 ppm. The total phenolic content peaked at 60°C, indicating a value of 124.0 ± 1.59 mg GAE/g extract. TFC differed significantly across the four sample groups because the fresh control was lower than all dried groups; however, the 40, 50, and 60°C drying treatments did not differ significantly from one another.
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